文人畫(huà)，亦稱(chēng)“士夫畫(huà)”。畫(huà)的一種。泛指封建社會(huì)中文人、士大夫所作之畫(huà)。以別于民間畫(huà)工和宮廷畫(huà)院職業(yè)畫(huà)家的繪畫(huà)，北宋蘇軾提出“士夫畫(huà)”，元代趙孟頫稱(chēng)其“文人之畫(huà)”。舊時(shí)也往往借以抬高士大夫的繪畫(huà)藝術(shù)。

Literati painting, also known as "literati painting". A type of Chinese painting. Refers to paintings made by Chinese scholars and scholars in feudal Chinese society. Different from the paintings of folk painters and professional painters in palace painting academies, Su Shi of the Northern Song Dynasty proposed "literati painting", while Zhao Mengfu of the Yuan Dynasty called it "literati painting". In the past, it was often used to elevate the painting art of the literati class.

文人畫(huà)的內(nèi)容題材

The Content and Theme of literati Painting

文人畫(huà)在題材內(nèi)容、思想情趣、筆墨技巧等方面各有不同的追求，并形成紛繁的風(fēng)格和流派。山水畫(huà)科和水墨寫(xiě)意畫(huà)法盛行，涌現(xiàn)出許多不同風(fēng)格的流派。

Literati painting has different pursuits in terms of subject matter, ideological taste, and brushwork skills, and has formed a variety of styles and schools. Landscape painting and ink freehand brushwork are prevalent, and many different styles of schools have emerged.

文人畫(huà)的題材多為梅、蘭、竹、菊、高山、漁隱之類(lèi)，文人借描繪目之所及的自然景物寫(xiě)心靈感受。他們眼中的梅、蘭、竹、菊、高山、漁隱，不再是單純的自然景物而是君子的化身。

The themes of literati paintings are mostly plum blossoms, orchids, bamboo, chrysanthemums, high mountains, and fishing dens. Scholars use descriptions of natural scenery to express their spiritual feelings. In their eyes, the plum blossoms, orchids, bamboo, chrysanthemums, mountains, and fishing grounds are no longer simple natural scenery, but the embodiment of a gentleman.

文人抒發(fā)他們內(nèi)心當(dāng)中或豪邁或抑郁的情緒。表達(dá)其自身的清高文雅，因公因私，因國(guó)因家。雖然都是儒家思想的左右和道釋思想的慰藉，但是也不乏文質(zhì)彬彬的浪漫。

Literati express their inner emotions, whether heroic or depressed. Expressing one's own nobility and elegance, for the sake of work and personal gain, and for the sake of country and family. Although they are both influenced by Confucianism and comforted by Taoism and Buddhism, there is also a romantic and refined atmosphere.

文人畫(huà)重墨趣，運(yùn)用墨干濕濃淡渾厚蒼潤(rùn)的微妙變化，以單純的墨彩概括絢麗的自然。文人畫(huà)是畫(huà)中帶有文人情趣，畫(huà)外流露著文人思想的繪畫(huà)。

Literati painting emphasizes the interest of ink, using the subtle changes of ink dryness, wetness, richness, and richness to summarize the splendid nature with simple ink colors. Literati painting is a painting that carries the taste of literati in the painting and reveals the thoughts of literati outside the painting.